The international classification of hotels
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Except for the hotels listed above classifications use also other systems of their classifications which for today exists more than thirty.
The most widespread classifications are: the system of stars applied in France, in Austria, Hungary, Egypt, China and a number of other countries; the system of letters used in Greece; system of "crowns", characteristic for the Great Britain; system of categories and others.
Now in the world the most widespread system of classification is the French national system. It establishes for tourist hotels six categories, among which five with assignment of the certain quantity of stars (1 *, 2 *, 3 *, 4*L, 5 *). Minimal requirements on assignment of one of a category:
- Quantity of rooms;
- The general premises;
- The equipment of hotel;
- Comfort of habitation;
- Service;
- Availability to invalids and persons with the limited mobility.
As the French classification in the European countries German classification according to which, the hotel enterprises share on 5 classes is allocated. A tourist class – 1 *; standard klass-2 **; a comfortable class - 3 ***; the first class – 4 ****; lux – 5 *****.
Except for traditional stars there are systems of "letters" and "crowns". In Greece the alphabetic system of classification though on facades of hotels it is possible to see and habitual stars is popular. All the Greek hotels share on four categories: A, B, C, D. Hotels of category A correspond to a four-stars level, B – three-star, C – two-star. In Greece the category « de Luxe » is quite often awarded to hotels of the maximum category.
In our opinion, classification of English hotels is complex enough. As a rule, on a facade of hotels stars, and crowns are represented not. To translate a category of hotel from « language of crowns » on "star", it is necessary to take away one from the general number of crowns.
But the most correct the classification offered by Association of the British tourist agencies is considered:
- Budgetary hotels (1 star) are located in the central part of city and have a minimum of convenience;
- Hotels of a tourist class (2 stars) have a bar and restaurant;
- Hotels of middle class (3 stars) have high enough degree of service;
- Hotels of the first class (4 stars) offer very high quality of residing and an excellent degree of service;
- Hotels of the maximum category (5 stars) have a degree of service and residing ekstraklassa.
Classification of the Italian hotels confused enough, in the country is not present an official "star" scale. According to the norms accepted in Italy, hotels are classified on three categories: the first category can be carried to four-star; the second category – to three-star, the third category – to two-star.
In Spain also there is a gradation of means of accommodation on categories:
- Hotels – five categories from 1 up to 5 stars;
- Houses of hotel type, a bungalow, apartments, etc. – from 1 up to 4 stars;
- Inns – from 1 up to 3 stars;
- Boards – three categories.
Besides in Spain there are state enterprises of reception of the tourists, being in submission at the State ministry on tourism. Old fortresses, locks, palaces which are equipped as hotels "lux" concern to them.
Thus, for each country the classification of hotels and the hotels concerning one category, but located in the different countries is characteristic, have essential distinctions.
In connection with that the practical part of our research is devoted to the Russian hotel we have considered necessary in more detail to consider features of classification of hotels in the Russian Federation. |